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We conducted a multi-year evaluation of the NHS App, analysing usage patterns, user experience, barriers to access, and digital inclusion. The findings have informed national improvements to the App and shaped the way ICSs understand population-level digital engagement.
The NHS App is a key component of the NHS digital transformation agenda, supporting prescriptions, GP access, personal health records, and COVID Pass functionality.
As uptake grew rapidly during the pandemic, understanding who uses the App and who faces barriers became crucial for equitable digital transformation.
Information and Intelligence ¦ COVID-19 ¦ Patient, Public, Community Engagement and Involvement
NIHR ARC NWL carried out:
analysis of App usage trends across millions of interactions
sociodemographic breakdowns to examine digital inclusion
surveys and interviews with patients
focus groups with lower-engagement groups
analysis of COVID Pass demand and population uptake
reviews of behaviour change impact (self-management, access patterns)
Significant disparities in uptake correlated with age, socioeconomic status, digital literacy, and ethnicity
Users relied heavily on the App for accessing prescriptions, GP services, and COVID Passes
App use improved self-management behaviours, particularly medication and appointment management
Identified key barriers: digital literacy, lack of device access, language, trust/safety concerns
Findings were shared with NHS England and informed improvements to accessibility, onboarding, and interface design
NIHR ARC NWL’s evaluation has shaped national understanding of digital access and inclusion. The work has contributed to:
NHS England digital inclusion frameworks
updates to NHS App onboarding
ICS digital strategy
national behavioural insights on use of digital health tools
The evaluation demonstrates the importance of continuous learning and user-centred design in national digital platforms.